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Microbial tolerance represents a diminished pro-inflammatory response following repeated stimulation by a host of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of varying origins. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been centrally implicated in the development of tolerance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of tolerance in a previously described murine model.C57BL/6 mice were pretreated...
We wanted to assess to what extent concentrations of circulating proteins appear to be developmentally regulated, and to what extent such regulation is influenced by intra-uterine inflammation.We measured 22 proteins in blood obtained on postnatal days 1, 7, and 14 from 818 children born before the 28th week of gestation for whom we also had information about placenta morphology.Within the narrow...
The aim of this study was to review the proinflammatory cytokine profiles in the peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) of patients with peri-implantitis (PI). Databases were explored from 1994 up to and including July 2010 using various combinations of the following keywords: “cytokine”, “crevicular fluid”, “implant”, “inflammation”, “peri-implantitis” and “periodontitis”. The eligibility criteria...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the primary cause of serious lower respiratory tract illness in infants and young children worldwide. The mechanism is largely unknown. RSV stimulates airway epithelial cells and resident leukocytes to release cytokines. Cytokines and chemokines involved in host response to RSV infection are thought to play a central role in the pathogenesis. In addition, RSV infection...
TGFβ1 is secreted as latent protein that requires activation to become biologically active. It negatively regulates the progenitor cell growth, and favours the deposition of extra-cellular matrix in different tissues. We have studied TGFβ1 levels in Philadelphia-negative (Ph−) myeloproliferative diseases, evaluating patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF) that is characterized by increased numbers...
The migration of endothelial cells (ECs) plays critical roles in vascular physiology and pathology. The receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2, known as G protein-coupled receptors which are essential for migratory response of ECs toward the shear stress-dependent CXCL8 (interleukin-8), are potential mechano-sensors for mechanotransduction of the hemodynamic forces. In present study, the mRNA and protein expression...
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the causes of inflammation in Demodex-induced blepharitis by analyzing cytokine levels in lacrimal fluid.Fifteen Demodex blepharitis patients were selected for assessment of tear cytokine concentrations. Fifteen Demodex-free blepharitis patients and 15 subjects with no ocular symptoms were selected as control groups. Minimally stimulated tear samples (20μl)...
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an inflammatory cytokine associated with the atherosclerotic process and atherosclerotic plaque stability. MIF was shown to be highly expressed in advanced atherosclerotic lesions. Neutralizing MIF with a blocking antibody induced a regression of established atherosclerotic lesions.In this study, we investigated the mechanism underlying the proangiogenic...
Background and aims: Recently we reported on a genetically predisposed protection from C-reactive protein (CRP) related mortality in dialysis patients carrying the functional CC-chemokine receptor 5 deletion 32 allele (CCR5Δ32) mutation. Since CCR5Δ32 is associated with a less pro-inflammatory immune response in mice, we hypothesized that the observed protection is (in part) due to a less pro-inflammatory...
Alveolar macrophages (AM) play an important role in the pathogenesis of posttraumatic pulmonary failure, and have been identified as major source of pulmonary cytokines. The effects of locally generated IL-6 as well as femoral fracture on the pulmonary inflammatory response and organ damage have not been fully elucidated. In the present study we evaluated the influence of femoral fracture, isolated...
Although IL-32 has been shown to be induced under various pathological conditions, a detailed understanding of native IL-32 intracellular distribution and mechanism of release from cells has not been reported. We examined the expression of IL-32 in the intestinal epithelial cell line HT-29 following TNFα and IFNγ co-stimulation. The subcellular localization of induced IL-32 was associated with the...
Fibroblasts are the primary cell type responsible for synthesis and remodeling of the extracellular matrix in the heart. A number of factors including growth factors, hormones and mechanical forces have been identified that modulate the production of extracellular matrix by cardiac fibroblasts. Inflammatory mediators including pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines also impact fibrosis of the heart...
The study was performed to observe the systemic release and kinetics of high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) in burned patients.106 patients were included, and they were divided into three groups with different burn sizes: group I, group II and group III. Healthy volunteers served as normal controls (n=25). The peripheral blood samples were collected on postburn days (PBD) 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21...
IFN-α proteins have been described to originate from 14 individual genes and allelic variants. However, the exceptional diversity of IFN-α and its functional impact are still poorly understood. To characterize the biological activity of IFN-α subtypes in relation to the cellular background, we investigated the effect of IFN-α treatment in primary fibroblasts and endothelial cells of vascular or lymphatic...
A human interleukin-17A (IL-17A) variant was overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) under the control of a T 7 promoter. The resulting insoluble inclusion bodies were isolated and solubilized by homogenization with 6M guanidine HCl. The denatured recombinant human IL-17A variant was refolded in 20mM Tris–HCl, pH 9.0, 500mM arginine, 500mM guanidine HCl, 15% glycerol, 1mM cystamine, and...
Objective: Assess ex vivo whole-blood (WB) cytokine production and its association with iron status and serum hepcidin in obese versus non-obese women. Determine the change in ex vivo WB cytokine production 6months after restrictive bariatric surgery in the obese group. Subjects: Seventeen obese (BMI: 46.6±7.9kg/m 2 ) and 19 non-obese (BMI: 22.5±3.0kg/m 2 ), pre-menopausal women; frequency...
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